Türkmenistan

Turkmenistan

Capital: Ashgabat
Population: 7,057,841¹
Currency: Turkmenistani manat (TMT)

Turkmenistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Caspian Sea. It is known for its vast deserts, particularly the Karakum Desert, monumental architecture in its capital, and rich natural gas reserves, which dominate its economy. The capital and largest city is Ashgabat, serving as the political and administrative center. Turkmenistan has a state-controlled economy, heavily reliant on energy exports, especially to China, and maintains a policy of neutrality in foreign affairs. It is a presidential republic, though it has been criticized for its authoritarian governance and lack of political freedoms. Turkmenistan is a member of the United Nations (UN), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), and the Organization of Turkic States.

Growth Rate

1.8
%

Fertility Rate

2.69
children born/woman

Crude Death Rate

5.781
per 1,000 people

Life Expectancy

70.1
years

Total Population in Turkmenistan

This graph illustrates the total population of a country over time, while also depicting the sex ratio, which indicates the number of males per 100 females in the population.

Population Density

Population density measures how many people live per square kilometer, showing how population is distributed across a given area.

Population Growth Rate (%)

The population growth rate shows how fast a population is increasing or decreasing annually, influenced by birth rates, death rates, and migration in Turkmenistan.

Life Expectancy (Years)

Life expectancy indicates the average number of years a person is expected to live.

Median Age (Years)

Median age represents the midpoint of a population’s age distribution, helping to assess whether a population is young, aging, or balanced.

Infant Mortality

Infant mortality rate measures the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births.

Net migration in 2023 (per 1000 people)

2.037
(+0.081)

Net migration represents the difference between the number of people moving into a country and those leaving.

Fertility Rate

Fertility rate represents the average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime

Births vs Deaths

This graph compares the number of births and deaths each year.

Crude Death Rate

Crude death rate measures the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Source

Data is sourced from The World Bank, the United Nations Population Division (World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision), and other collated datasets, including national statistical offices, Eurostat (Demographic Statistics), and the United Nations Statistics Division (Population and Vital Statistics Report, various years).

Note: The information in the KPI is from 2023; any data beyond this year is an estimate from the United Nations.

¹Population figures for Turkmenistan are based on the latest data from the State Committee of Statistics of Turkmenistan, including results from the national population census. Source: Turkmenistan Population Census.