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Rzeczpospolita Polska

Republic of Poland

Poland Population

Capital: Warsaw
Population: 38,036,1181
Currency: Polish złoty (PLN)

Poland is a Central European country bordered by Germany, Czechia, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, and the Baltic Sea. It has a diverse landscape of plains, mountains, and lakes, with a rich cultural and historical heritage, including cities like Warsaw, Kraków, and Gdańsk. The capital and largest city is Warsaw, serving as the political, economic, and cultural center. Poland has a high-income economy, driven by manufacturing, IT, agriculture, and services, and is one of the largest economies in the European Union. It is a unitary parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations (UN), European Union (EU), NATO, Schengen Area, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Trade Organization (WTO), and the Visegrád Group (V4).

Growth Rate

-0.264
%

Fertility Rate

1.299
children born/woman

Crude Death Rate

10.637
per 1,000 people

Life Expectancy

78.6
years

Total Population in Poland

This graph illustrates the total population of a country over time, while also depicting the sex ratio, which indicates the number of males per 100 females in the population.

Population Density

Population density measures how many people live per square kilometer, showing how population is distributed across a given area.

Population Growth Rate (%)

The population growth rate shows how fast a population is increasing or decreasing annually, influenced by birth rates, death rates, and migration in Poland.

Life Expectancy (Years)

Life expectancy indicates the average number of years a person is expected to live.

Median Age (Years)

Median age represents the midpoint of a population’s age distribution, helping to assess whether a population is young, aging, or balanced.

Infant Mortality

Infant mortality rate measures the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births.

Net migration in 2023 (per 1000 people)

-0.202
(-25.413)

Net migration represents the difference between the number of people moving into a country and those leaving.

Fertility Rate

Fertility rate represents the average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime

Births vs Deaths

This graph compares the number of births and deaths each year.

Crude Death Rate

Crude death rate measures the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Source

Data is sourced from The World Bank, the United Nations Population Division (World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision), and other collated datasets, including national statistical offices, Eurostat (Demographic Statistics), and the United Nations Statistics Division (Population and Vital Statistics Report, various years).

Note: The information in the KPI is from 2023; any data beyond this year is an estimate from the United Nations.

1Population figures for Poland are based on the latest data from Statistics Poland (GUS), including official census results and demographic estimates as published in the Statistical Bulletin. Source: Statistics Poland Statistical Bulletin.