Home - São Tomé and Príncipe - São Tomé and Príncipe Population Data & Demographics
República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe

Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

São Tomé and Príncipe Population

Capital: São Tomé
Population: 230,871
Currency: São Tomé and Príncipe dobra (STN)

São Tomé and Príncipe is a small island country in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa, consisting of two main islands: São Tomé and Príncipe. It is known for its tropical rainforests, volcanic landscapes, cocoa plantations, and rich biodiversity. The capital and largest city is São Tomé, located on the island of the same name, and serves as the political and economic center. The economy is primarily based on agriculture (notably cocoa), fishing, tourism, and foreign aid, with prospects for future development in oil exploration. São Tomé and Príncipe is a unitary semi-presidential republic, and one of Africa’s smallest and least populous countries. It is a member of the United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP), Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), and Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS).

Growth Rate

2.004
%

Fertility Rate

3.644
children born/woman

Crude Death Rate

5.572
per 1,000 people

Life Expectancy

69.7
years

Total Population in São Tomé and Príncipe

This graph illustrates the total population of a country over time, while also depicting the sex ratio, which indicates the number of males per 100 females in the population.

Population Density

Population density measures how many people live per square kilometer, showing how population is distributed across a given area.

Population Growth Rate (%)

The population growth rate shows how fast a population is increasing or decreasing annually, influenced by birth rates, death rates, and migration in São Tomé and Príncipe.

Life Expectancy (Years)

Life expectancy indicates the average number of years a person is expected to live.

Median Age (Years)

Median age represents the midpoint of a population’s age distribution, helping to assess whether a population is young, aging, or balanced.

Infant Mortality

Infant mortality rate measures the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births.

Net migration in 2023 (per 1000 people)

-2.564
(+0.052)

Net migration represents the difference between the number of people moving into a country and those leaving.

Fertility Rate

Fertility rate represents the average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime

Births vs Deaths

This graph compares the number of births and deaths each year.

Crude Death Rate

Crude death rate measures the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

Source

Data is sourced from The World Bank, the United Nations Population Division (World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision), and other collated datasets, including national statistical offices, Eurostat (Demographic Statistics), and the United Nations Statistics Division (Population and Vital Statistics Report, various years).

Note: The information in the KPI is from 2023; any data beyond this year is an estimate from the United Nations.