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Romania's population has slipped past its peak: from a high of 22,947,413 in 1991, it stands at 18,800,605 in 2026. That is up +15% from 16,397,279 in 1950. The population is shrinking by 0.58% a year, losing about 108.7K people a year. Population density sits at 82 people/km². Half the population is younger than 43.5 years, and the age structure is steadily tilting older: the median is projected to reach 46.2 by 2050. Women outnumber men, at 94 males per 100 females. By 2100, UN projections see it falling to 10,768,185 (-43% from 2026).
Total population
18,800,605
Density
82 people/km²
Median age
43.5 years
Growth rate
-0.58%
Romania passed its population peak 35 years ago in 1991, and has since declined by 18.1%. The sex ratio of 94 males per 100 females is notably lower than the global average of ~101. The population is gradually aging, with median age projected to reach 46 by 2050 (up from 43 in 2026). UN projections show a decline to 10.8M by 2100.