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By 2026, Sao Tome and Principe is projected to be home to 244,994 people. That is a 4-fold increase on the 60,874 recorded in 1950. It is expanding at +1.94% a year, adding about 4.7K people a year. Settlement is fairly dense, at 255 people/km². Half the population is younger than 19.7 years, and the age structure is steadily tilting older: the median is projected to reach 24.8 by 2050. The sexes are close to evenly balanced, at 99 males per 100 females. By 2100, UN projections see it rising to 534,014, up 118% from 2026.
Total population
244,994
Density
255 people/km²
Median age
19.7 years
Growth rate
+1.94%
Sao Tome and Principe is experiencing rapid population growth, adding thousands of people each year. The population is aging rapidly; median age will rise from 20 in 2026 to 25 by 2050. Looking ahead, UN projections show the population reaching 534K by 2100, more than double 2026's level.