Mongolia

1950

2026

2100

Mongolia

1950

2026

2100

Mongolia Population Statistics (2026)

What to know

Population in 2026: 3,556,798 people.

Growing rapidly at +1.25% per year—one of the faster rates globally.

Projected to reach 5,519,345 by 2100 (+55% from 2026).

Key statistics for 2026

Total population

3,556,798

Density

2 people/km²

Median age

27.0 years

Growth rate

+1.09%

Key terms

Population growth rate: — Annual percentage change in total population size.
Population density: — People per square kilometre of land area.
Median age: — Age at which half the population is younger and half is older.
Sex ratio: — Number of males per 100 females in the population.

The trajectory

How fast is the population growing?

Total population from 1950 to 2100 (projections beyond 2024)

At the current growth rate, the population would double in approximately 56 years.

Population structure

How is the population split by gender?

Male and female population with sex ratio trend

No population by gender data available.

In 2026, the sex ratio of 99.2 males per 100 females is close to the global average.

Age structure

What does the age structure look like?

Population distribution by 5-year age groups (Projection)

Density & aging

Density

People per square kilometre

Median age

Age where half the population is younger

In 2026, with only 2 people per km², this is a sparsely populated country. The median age is projected to rise by 5 years by 2050, from 26.9 in 2026 to 32.0.

Rate of change

How fast is the population changing?

Annual percentage change in population size

Growth peaked at 3.20% in 1961.

The bottom line

Mongolia's population continues to grow, though at a moderate pace. The population is aging rapidly—median age will rise from 27 in 2026 to 32 by 2050. Population density is low at 2 people per km². UN projections show continued growth to 5.5M by 2100.

Mongolia Population Statistics (2026)

What to know

Population in 2026: 3,556,798 people.

Growing rapidly at +1.25% per year—one of the faster rates globally.

Projected to reach 5,519,345 by 2100 (+55% from 2026).

Key statistics for 2026

Total population

3,556,798

Density

2 people/km²

Median age

27.0 years

Growth rate

+1.09%

Key terms

Population growth rate: — Annual percentage change in total population size.
Population density: — People per square kilometre of land area.
Median age: — Age at which half the population is younger and half is older.
Sex ratio: — Number of males per 100 females in the population.

The trajectory

How fast is the population growing?

Total population from 1950 to 2100 (projections beyond 2024)

At the current growth rate, the population would double in approximately 56 years.

Population structure

How is the population split by gender?

Male and female population with sex ratio trend

No population by gender data available.

In 2026, the sex ratio of 99.2 males per 100 females is close to the global average.

Age structure

What does the age structure look like?

Population distribution by 5-year age groups (Projection)

Density & aging

Density

People per square kilometre

Median age

Age where half the population is younger

In 2026, with only 2 people per km², this is a sparsely populated country. The median age is projected to rise by 5 years by 2050, from 26.9 in 2026 to 32.0.