Australia

1950

2025

2100

Australia

1950

2025

2100

What to know

Net immigration of 137,109 people per year—more people arriving than leaving.

Since 1950, Australia has gained a cumulative 8.8 million people through migration.

By 2100, projections show continued net immigration.

Key statistics for 2025

Net migrants

+137,109

Net migration rate

+5.1 per 1,000 people

Key terms

Net migration: — Immigrants minus emigrants. Positive = more people arriving, negative = more leaving.
Net migration rate: — Net migration per 1,000 population per year.
Immigration: — People entering the country from abroad.
Emigration: — People leaving the country to live abroad.

Migration flows

How much immigration is there?

Net migration from 1950 to 2100 (projections after 2024)

Net migrants

+22,217,101

Cumulative over selected range

Peak immigration

275,773

Top year: 2008

Peak emigration

23,833

Lowest year: 1993

Recent avg (10 yrs)

+196009

Per year

Australia receives approximately 137,109 net migrants per year (5.1 per 1,000 population). Peak immigration was 275,773 in 2008.

The bottom line

Australia experiences moderate net immigration, with more people arriving than leaving. The high immigration rate reflects economic opportunities or policy openness.

Source: UN World Population Prospects 2024. Historical estimates (1950–2024) and medium-variant projections (2025–2100).