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Rare earths reserves (REO content) (2025)

11/237 countries
World Total85,290,000metric tons
2025
2025
2025

Rankings at a glance

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Highest 10 · Rare earths reserves (REO content) (2025)

Among the 11 countries with 2025 data, China has the highest rare earths reserves (REO content) at 44M metric tons in 2025, followed by Brazil (21M metric tons) and Australia (6.3M metric tons). Russia (3.8M metric tons) and Vietnam (3.5M metric tons) close out the top 5. Next up, the United States (1.9M metric tons) and Greenland (1.5M metric tons). Tanzania (890,000 metric tons), South Africa (860,000 metric tons), and Canada (830,000 metric tons) round out the top ten. The gap across the top ten is wide: China has 53× the value of Canada (830,000 metric tons). Three of the top ten are in North America.

Rank changes

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Historical trends

Key terms

Proved reserves
— Quantities of crude oil or natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions.
Recoverable reserves
— Coal that can be technically and economically extracted with current mining methods at current prices. Excludes inaccessible deposits.
Billion barrels (B bbl)
— Unit for oil reserves. One barrel equals 42 US gallons or about 159 litres.
Trillion cubic feet (TCF)
— Unit for natural gas reserves. One TCF is roughly 28.3 billion cubic metres.
Million short tons (M ST)
— Unit for coal reserves. One short ton equals 2,000 lb or 907 kg.

Frequently asked questions

Which country has the highest rare earths reserves?
China has the highest rare earths reserves among the 11 countries with 2025 data at 44,000,000 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
Which country has the lowest rare earths reserves?
Malaysia has the lowest rare earths reserves among the 11 countries with 2025 data at 710,000 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
What is the total rare earths reserves worldwide?
The combined rare earths reserves across 11 countries total 85,290,000 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

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