Year-over-year change: 0.0%, trend flat
5-year change: +92.9%, trend up
China
Rare earths mine production: 270,000 metric tons
View MoreRare earths mine production (REO content)
World Total388,760metric tons
19942025
2025
Rankings at a glance
Highest 10 · Rare earths mine production (REO content) (2025)
Among the 12 countries with 2025 data, China has the highest rare earths mine production (REO content) at 270,000 metric tons in 2025, followed by the United States (51,000 metric tons) and Australia (29,000 metric tons). The top 5 is rounded off by Myanmar (22,000 metric tons) and Thailand (4,800 metric tons). Further down, India (2,900 metric tons) and Madagascar (2,700 metric tons) hold the next two spots. Russia (2,600 metric tons), Brazil (2,000 metric tons), and Nigeria (1,500 metric tons) round out the top ten. Across the top ten, China is 180× as high as Nigeria (1,500 metric tons). Four of the top ten are in Asia. Among these countries, Brazil saw the largest year-over-year change at +257.1%.
Rank changes
How rare earths mine production (REO content) changed between 2020 and 2025
2020and2025
Historical trends
Key terms
- Proved reserves
- — Quantities of crude oil or natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions.
- Recoverable reserves
- — Coal that can be technically and economically extracted with current mining methods at current prices. Excludes inaccessible deposits.
- Billion barrels (B bbl)
- — Unit for oil reserves. One barrel equals 42 US gallons or about 159 litres.
- Trillion cubic feet (TCF)
- — Unit for natural gas reserves. One TCF is roughly 28.3 billion cubic metres.
- Million short tons (M ST)
- — Unit for coal reserves. One short ton equals 2,000 lb or 907 kg.
Frequently asked questions
- Which country has the highest rare earths mine production?
- China has the highest rare earths mine production among the 12 countries with 2025 data at 270,000 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
- Which country has the lowest rare earths mine production?
- Malaysia has the lowest rare earths mine production among the 12 countries with 2025 data at 110 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
- What is the total rare earths mine production worldwide?
- The combined rare earths mine production across 12 countries totals 388,760 metric tons as of 2025, according to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
