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As of 2023, coal dominated Greenland's reserves at 422.2 million short tons recoverable. Over the last decade, coal reserves grew significantly (+109%). Beyond fossil fuels, Greenland holds USGS-reported 2025 reserves of Rare Earths.
Coal reserves (2023)
422.2 M ST
Rare Earths reserves (2025)
#71.5 Mt
Greenland's reserve base was dominated by coal, the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel by energy content. Reserve estimates had been revised upward over the past decade, reflecting new discoveries or improved recovery technology.
Greenland holds USGS-reported reserves of Rare Earths.
USGS marks 2025 production figures and all reserve estimates as estimated; some earlier production years are USGS estimates as well. Each commodity below charts its own mine-production history, with the 2025 reserve shown beneath its chart.
USGS reports 2025 reserves for these commodities but no mine-production history for Greenland, so they have no chart.