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Estonia's population is projected to have slipped past its peak: from a high of 1,570,303 in 1990, it is projected at 1,331,062 in 2026. That is up 21% from 1,102,042 in 1950. The population is shrinking by 0.53% a year, losing about 7.1K people a year. Population density sits at 31 people/km². Half the population is younger than 43.2 years, and the age structure is steadily tilting older: the median is projected to reach 48.4 by 2050. Women outnumber men, at 91 males per 100 females. By 2100, UN projections see it falling to 825,503 (-38% from 2026).
Total population
1,331,062
Density
31 people/km²
Median age
43.2 years
Growth rate
-0.53%
Estonia passed its population peak 36 years ago in 1990, and has since declined by 15.2%. The sex ratio of 91 males per 100 females is notably lower than the global average of ~101. The population is aging rapidly; median age will rise from 43 in 2026 to 48 by 2050. UN projections show a decline to 825.5K by 2100.