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Poland's population is projected to have slipped past its peak: from a high of 38,762,844 in 2023, it is projected at 37,843,188 in 2026. That is a 1.5-fold increase on the 24,780,161 recorded in 1950. Numbers are roughly stable, edging down 0.38% a year. Settlement is fairly dense, at 124 people/km². Half the population is younger than 43.0 years, and the age structure is steadily tilting older: the median is projected to reach 51.8 by 2050. Women outnumber men, at 94 males per 100 females. By 2100, UN projections see it falling to 19,329,839 (-49% from 2026).
Total population
37,843,188
Density
124 people/km²
Median age
43.0 years
Growth rate
-0.38%
Poland passed its population peak 3 years ago in 2023, and has since declined by 2.4%. The sex ratio of 94 males per 100 females is notably lower than the global average of ~101. The population is aging rapidly; median age will rise from 43 in 2026 to 52 by 2050. UN projections show a decline to 19.3M by 2100.