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Iran had a diversified reserves profile spanning all three fossil fuels. Its holdings came to 208.60 billion barrels of oil, 1200.25 trillion cubic feet of gas, and 1.3 billion short tons of coal. EIA stopped publishing oil and gas proved reserves in 2023; the figures above use the latest archived release, while coal continues to update through 2023. Beyond fossil fuels, Iran is a top-five producer of Iron Ore among USGS-tracked critical minerals.
Oil reserves (2021)
208.60 B bbl
Natural gas reserves (2021)
1200.25 TCF
Coal reserves (2023)
1.3 B ST
Iron Ore reserves (2025)
#94.2 Gt
Iran held meaningful stocks across oil, gas, and coal, which gave it flexibility across global energy markets. Reserve estimates had been revised upward over the past decade, reflecting new discoveries or improved recovery technology.
Iran produces Iron Ore among USGS-tracked critical minerals.
USGS marks 2025 production figures and all reserve estimates as estimated; some earlier production years are USGS estimates as well. Each commodity below charts its own mine-production history, with the 2025 reserve shown beneath its chart.