Mexico Resource Reserves (2026)

1980

2025

What to know

Mexico had a diversified reserves profile spanning all three fossil fuels. Its holdings came to 7.972 billion barrels of oil, 6.368 trillion cubic feet of gas, and 1.3 billion short tons of coal. EIA stopped publishing oil and gas proved reserves in 2023; the figures above use the latest archived release, while coal continues to update through 2023. Beyond fossil fuels, Mexico is a top-five producer of Zinc and a top-ten producer of Gold, part of a critical-minerals base spanning 7 commodities tracked by USGS. It also holds top-ten reserves of Copper.

Key reserves

Oil reserves (2021)

7.97 B bbl

Natural gas reserves (2021)

6.37 TCF

Coal reserves (2023)

1.3 B ST

Zinc reserves (2025)

14.0 Mt

Copper reserves (2025)

53.0 Mt

Natural Graphite reserves (2025)

#11

3.1 Mt

Key terms

Proved reserves: — Quantities of crude oil or natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions.
Recoverable reserves: — Coal that can be technically and economically extracted with current mining methods at current prices. Excludes inaccessible deposits.
Billion barrels (B bbl): — Unit for oil reserves. One barrel equals 42 US gallons or about 159 litres.
Trillion cubic feet (TCF): — Unit for natural gas reserves. One TCF is roughly 28.3 billion cubic metres.
Million short tons (M ST): — Unit for coal reserves. One short ton equals 2,000 lb or 907 kg.

Crude oil proved reserves

In 2021, Mexico had 7.972 billion barrels of proved crude oil reserves. Over the prior decade, those reserves declined significantly (-36%).

Natural gas proved reserves

In 2021, Mexico held 6.368 trillion cubic feet of proved natural gas reserves. Reserves declined significantly over the prior decade (-47%).

Coal recoverable reserves

As of 2023, Mexico's recoverable coal reserves totaled 1.3 billion short tons. That edged lower compared with a decade earlier (-4%).

The bottom line

Mexico held meaningful stocks across oil, gas, and coal, which gave it flexibility across global energy markets. Reserve estimates had trended lower, reflecting extraction outpacing new discoveries.

Critical minerals (USGS)

Mexico produces Copper, Natural Graphite, Manganese, Gold, plus 3 more among USGS-tracked critical minerals.

USGS marks 2025 production figures and all reserve estimates as estimated; some earlier production years are USGS estimates as well. Each commodity below charts its own mine-production history, with the 2025 reserve shown beneath its chart.

Copper production

Natural Graphite production

Manganese production

Gold production

Iron Ore production

Zinc production

Phosphate Rock production

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration · Updated June 2026

What to know

Key reserves

Oil reserves (2021)

7.97 B bbl

Natural gas reserves (2021)

6.37 TCF

Coal reserves (2023)

1.3 B ST

Zinc reserves (2025)

14.0 Mt

Copper reserves (2025)

53.0 Mt

Natural Graphite reserves (2025)

#11

3.1 Mt

Key terms

Proved reserves: — Quantities of crude oil or natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions.
Recoverable reserves: — Coal that can be technically and economically extracted with current mining methods at current prices. Excludes inaccessible deposits.
Billion barrels (B bbl): — Unit for oil reserves. One barrel equals 42 US gallons or about 159 litres.
Trillion cubic feet (TCF): — Unit for natural gas reserves. One TCF is roughly 28.3 billion cubic metres.
Million short tons (M ST): — Unit for coal reserves. One short ton equals 2,000 lb or 907 kg.

Crude oil proved reserves

In 2021, Mexico had 7.972 billion barrels of proved crude oil reserves. Over the prior decade, those reserves declined significantly (-36%).

Natural gas proved reserves

In 2021, Mexico held 6.368 trillion cubic feet of proved natural gas reserves. Reserves declined significantly over the prior decade (-47%).

Coal recoverable reserves

As of 2023, Mexico's recoverable coal reserves totaled 1.3 billion short tons. That edged lower compared with a decade earlier (-4%).

The bottom line

Mexico held meaningful stocks across oil, gas, and coal, which gave it flexibility across global energy markets. Reserve estimates had trended lower, reflecting extraction outpacing new discoveries.

Critical minerals (USGS)

Mexico produces Copper, Natural Graphite, Manganese, Gold, plus 3 more among USGS-tracked critical minerals.

United States of America

Guatemala

Belize

What to know

Key reserves

The bottom line

Critical minerals (USGS)

United States of America

Guatemala

Belize

What to know

Key reserves

The bottom line

Critical minerals (USGS)